One of the main factors for Pakistan’s hostile behavior towards Afghanistan is the non-recognition of the legitimacy of Durand Line as an international border by Afghan governments. Islamabad has employed all means to lure Kabul into accepting the colonial-era de facto frontier, but Afghan governments and people have so far bravely stood against this evil call. Even the Taliban regime that was considered historically the closest government to Pakistan rejected the demand. The attitude of the National Unity Government towards the issue is surprising and gravely worrisome. Although government leaders apparently spurn any covert deal with Pakistan over Durand Line, their reactions to Pakistani incursions and other developments related to the dividing line raise numerous questions.
Pakistan unilaterally constructed a fence topped with barbed wire along much of the Durand Line during the National Unity Government, and Pakistani troops have established outposts and military installations even deep within Afghan territory in some areas. In another questionable move last week, Afghan officials attended at the launch ceremony of round-the-clock operation of Torkham port in which the term, official border, had been used for this de facto frontier in the signboard. The participation of Afghan officials in the ceremony and showing no reaction to the issue has sparked harsh criticism in Afghanistan.
Pakistan, as per its policy, has constantly tried to formalize Durand Line as an official border between Afghanistan and Pakistan by using the term, border, for it. Nevertheless, the Afghan government must realize the sensitivity of the cause, and avoid actions, which Islamabad can use as a proof against Kabul in any future discussions over the fate of Durand Line. There is a popular saying that “Silence implies or means consent.” Afghanistan’s silence over Pakistan’s unilateral actions related to the Durand Line provides Islamabad an opportunity to reject Kabul’s narrative about Durand Line. Islamabad would argue that if you had staked claim to the territory across the Durand Line, you should have objected to the fencing of the frontier, and complained to international organizations, including the United Nations.
Durand Line is a litmus test for Afghan governments and politicians, and history will make its judgment about their stances on Durand Line. Thus, all Afghan politicians must treat the issue responsibly. The government should not deem its responsibility fulfilled by just issuing a statement, but it should use all channels that can preserve Afghanistan’s historic and rightful Durand Line cause.